Felles arbeidsmarked (med god mobilitet mellom regionene) og vesentlig grad av felles finanspolitikk (felles "statsbudsjett" med skatter og utgifter) er sentrale faktorer for felles valuta skriver Krugman:
In summary, optimum currency area theory suggested two big things to look at – labor mobility and fiscal integration. And on both counts it was obvious that Europe fell far short of the U.S. example, with limited labor mobility and virtually no fiscal integration. This should have given European leaders pause – but they had their hearts set on the single currency.
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